Outline for 8^th-9^th Grade Physical Science Course – PHS 534

and alignment with Arizona Science Standard (strand=S, concept=C, P.O.#) (Feb 2006)

Link to AZ State Science Standard: http://www.ade.az.gov/standards/science/articulated.asp

Phenomena/Investigations/Activities	Grade 8 AZ Science Standard	High School AZ Science Standard
Unit 1. Geometric properties of matter 1.1 Fundamentals of measurement Measuring the measuring tool standard vs non-standard measures, unit conversions Accuracy of measuring uncertainty, estimation, sig figs Meter stick measurements practice measuring lengths, SI units 1.2 Comparing lengths graphically Wingspan height vs. wingspan, slope of graph represents ratio Circumference vs. diameter slope of graph yields p, percent error in experimental value 1.3 Time rate of change in position – velocity BPV lab Measure changes in position as a function of time Slope of x vs t graph à velocity Optional: Sim-Calc* Package 3 Technology tool to examine physical meaning of slope and intercept. A) Position graphs: slope as velocity. B) Making meanings for linear functions & equations. 1.4 Measurement of Area Areas of regular objects define area as # of squares on graph paper, draw various rectangles with same area Areas of circles concept of lower and upper bounds for estimates, intro , see how calculated value fits estimate Practical applications of area, Unit conversions (carpet, tile, yard, etc.) Pizza activity. Construct pizzas of diameters d and 2d 1.5 Measurement of Volume Defining volume define volume as number of unit cubes that fill the space. Volumes of irregular solids determination of volume by displacement of water Graphical relationship between volume and height relationship between graphical representation and shape of object.	SC08-S1C2-01 SC08-S1C2-04 SC08-S1C2-05 SC08-S2C2-01 SC08-S1C2-ALL SC08-S1C3-01 TO -06 SC08-S1C4-ALL SC08-S5C2-01 SC08-S5C2-05 SC08-S5C2-01 SC08-S5C2-05 SC08-S1C2-ALL SC08-S1C3-01 TO 06 SC08-S1C4-ALL SC08-S2C2-01 SC08-S1C2-ALL SC08-S1C3-01 TO 06 SC08-S1C4-ALL SC08-S2C2-01	SCHS-S1C2-01 SCHS-S1C2-03 SCHS-S1C2-05 SCHS-S1C2-ALL SCHS-S1C3-01 SCHS-S1C4-02 SCHS-S1C4-03 SCHS-S5C2-01 SCHS-S5C2-02 SCHS-S5C2-01 SCHS-S5C2-02 SCHS-S1C2-ALL SCHS-S1C3-01 SCHS-S1C3-05 SCHS-S1C4-02 SCHS-S1C4-03 SCHS-S5C2-01 SCHS-S5C2-02
Unit 2. Physical properties of matter 2.1 How much stuff? (comparing mass) Measurement of mass standard unit of mass, unit conversions, use of balance – scientific notation Conservation of mass IPS suite of labs (from ch. 2) Dissolving of salt Ice melting Formation of a solid Formation of a gas 2.2 Density as characteristic property Density of solids measure mass & volume of different samples of same material, Density of liquids measure density of water and other liquids – formation of layers, hydrometer (salt water vs. fresh, water vs. alcohol or oil) Density of a gas Is doable and provides experimental evidence for modifying model of matter Unit 3. Atomic model of matter 3.1 Intro atomic model-solids, liquids & gases Thickness of a thin layer Use tools we have thus far (V=M/D, h = V/A) to get an estimate of upper limit for size of atoms 3.2 Energy and the states of matter Demo - thermal expansion of liquids Similar to older IPS (ed #?) lab Why is this discontinued from current edition? Phase changes Melting point – Icy Hot or Lauric acid (see IPS) Boiling point Include some treatment of evaporation of liquids and condensation of vapor.	SC08-S1C2-ALL SC08-S1C3-01 TO 06 SC08-S1C4-ALL SC08-S2C2-01 SC08-S5C1-01 SC08-S1C2-ALL SC08-S1C3-01 TO 06 SC08-S1C4-ALL SC08-S2C2-01 SC08-S5C1-01 SC08-S1C1-01 SC08-S1C1-02 SC08-S1C2-ALL SC08-S1C3-01 TO 06 SC08-S1C4-ALL SC08-S2C2-01 SC08-S5C1-01 SC08-S5C1-07	SCHS-S1C2-ALL SCHS-S1C3-05 SCHS-S1C4-ALL SCHS-S5C1-01 SCHS-S1C2-ALL SCHS-S1C3-01 SCHS-S1C3-05 SCHS-S1C4-ALL SCHS-S5C1-01 SCHS-S1C1-02 SCHS-S1C1-04 SCHS-S1C3-05 SCHS-S1C2-ALL SCHS-S1C3-01 SCHS-S1C3-05 SCHS-S1C4-ALL SCHS-S5C3-02 SCHS-S5C3-04 SCHS-S5C3-06 SCHS-S5C3-07 SCHS-S5C5-04
Unit 4. Interactions–what holds matter together? How do we explain motion? 4.1. Defining the force concept: Force as interaction between agent & object. All forces come in pairs (Newton's 3^rd law). Tools to represent forces – vectors, system ID. 4.2. Balanced vs unbalanced forces. Equilibrium exists when forces on the system are balanced. Net force is zero means system is at rest and remains at rest or continues moving with constant velocity. Net force not zero: acceleration occurs. 4.3. Newton's second law. Acceleration is proportional to the net force. Acceleration is inversely proportional to the mass.	SC08-S1C1-ALL SC08-S1C2-ALL SC08-S1C3-01-06 SC08-S1C4-ALL SC08-S2C1-02 SC08-S2C2-01 SC08-S5C2-02 SC08-S5C2-03 SC08-S5C2-04	SCHS-S1C2-ALL SCHS-S1C3-01 SCHS-S1C3-05 SCHS-S1C4-ALL SCHS-S5C2-05 SCHS-S5C2-03 SCHS-S5C2-09 SCHS-S5C2-04
Unit 5. Kinds of matter – separation and change 5.1 Separation of mixtures Separation of a mixture of liquids (alcohol and water) Use of different bp's to do fractional distillation (Similar to IPS 5.1) Separation of a mixture of solids (sand, salt and iron filings) Use magnet to pull out iron, dissolve the salt, filter the sand, and recover salt by evaporating filtrate.(similar to IPS 5.4) 5.2 Separation of Compounds Electrolysis of water Separate water into hydrogen and oxygen (like IPS 6.2) 5.3 Synthesis of Compounds Formation of water Spark mixture of hydrogen and oxygen gases from previous experiment Synthesis of zinc chloride Combine varying amounts of Zn with fixed amount of HCl. Compare mass of ZnCl2 to mass of Zn at start	SC08-S1C2-ALL SC08-S1C3-01 TO 06 SC08-S1C4-ALL SC08-S2C2-01 SC08-S5C1-01 SC08-S5C1-04 SC08-S5C1-05 SC08-S5C1-02 SC08-S5C1-07 SC08-S5C1-02 SC08-S5C1-03 SC08-S5C2-04 SC08-S5C1-07	SCHS-S1C2-ALL SCHS-S1C3-01 SCHS-S1C3-05 SCHS-S1C4-ALL SCHS-S5C1-01 SCHS-S5C1-02 SCHS-S5C1-04 SCHS-S5C4-02 SCHS-S5C4-04 SCHS-S5C4-08 SCHS-S5C4-09 SCHS-S5C4-10